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Reversi insha nazva otello nastilna gra dlya dvoh na specialnij doshci 8 na 8 klitin U gri vikoristovuyutsya 64 fishki pofarbovani z riznih storin v kontrastni kolori napriklad v bilij i chornij Zmist 1 Pravila 2 Osnovi strategiyi 3 Istoriya 3 1 Chempionati svitu 4 Reversi ta komp yuteri 5 Varianti reversi 5 1 Reversi n n 5 2 antireversi 5 3 Reversi z chornoyu diroyu 6 Komp yuterni igri 7 Primitki 8 PosilannyaPravila red Dlya gri vikoristovuyut kvadratnu doshku rozmirom 8 8 klitin vsi klitini mozhut buti odnogo koloru i 64 specialni fishki pofarbovani z riznih storin u kontrastni kolori napriklad v bilij ta chornij Klitini doshki pronumerovani vid verhnogo livogo kuta vertikali latinskimi literami gorizontali ciframi vlasne kazhuchi mozhna vikoristovuvati j shahivnicyu Odin z gravciv graye bilimi drugij chornimi Roblyachi hid gravec stavit fishku na klitku doshki svoyim kolorom vgoru Na pochatku gri v centr doshki vistavlyayutsya 4 fishki chorni na d5 ta e4 bili na d4 ta e5 Pershij hid roblyat chorni Dali gravci hodyat za chergoyu Roblyachi hid gravec povinen postaviti svoyu fishku na odnu z klitin doshki takim chinom shob mizh ciyeyu postavlenoyu fishkoyu ta odniyeyi z nayavnih uzhe na doshci fishok jogo koloru znahodivsya bezperervnij ryad fishok supernika gorizontalnij vertikalnij abo diagonalnij inshimi slovami shob bezperervnij ryad fishok supernika viyavivsya Zakritij fishkami gravcya z oboh storin Vsi fishki supernika sho potraplyayut v zakritij pri comu ryad perevertayutsya na inshij bik zminyuyut kolir i vzhe nalezhat gravcyu sho cej hid vikonuvav Yaksho vnaslidok odnogo hodu zakrivayetsya odnochasno bilsh nizh odin ryad fishok suprotivnika to perevertayutsya vsi fishki yaki opinilisya u vsih zakritih ryadah lt napriklad na ilyustraciyi pri hodi chornihd3perekinutsya fishkid4ie4 gt Gravec maye pravo vibirati bud yakij z mozhlivih dlya nogo hodiv yaksho gravec maye mozhlivi hodi vin ne mozhe vidmovitisya vid hodu Yaksho gravec ne maye dopustimih hodiv to hid perehodit do supernika Gra pripinyayetsya koli na doshku vistavleni vsi fishki abo koli zhoden z gravciv ne mozhe zrobiti hodu Pislya zakinchennya gri provoditsya pidrahunok fishok kozhnogo koloru i gravec chiyih fishok na doshci roztashovano bilshe ogoloshuyetsya peremozhcem U razi odnakovoyi kilkosti fishok zarahovuyetsya nichiya Osnovi strategiyi red Reversi ye strategichnoyu groyu shozhoyu z shashkami ta shahami Tak samo yak i v shahah prijnyato rozdilyati partiyu na tri chastini debyut pochatok mitelshpil seredina gri i endshpil kincivka Odnak na vidminu vid shahiv kilkist mozhlivih debyutiv tut nabagato mensha i vsi voni legko zapam yatovuyutsya Vse bilsh mensh serjozni gravci znayut debyuti na 5 6 hodiv napered shob uniknuti zazdalegid prograshnih hodiv na danij stadiyi Mittelshpil mabut ye najvilnishoyu ale j skladnoyu chastinoyu gri koli stanovishe mozhna abo zmicniti abo zminiti na svoyu korist Popri ce bagato zdavalosya b progranih v mitelshpili partij nabuvayut novih yakostej pri vstupi v kincevu stadiyu gri endshpil Zolote pravilo kincivki ne pospishati ta rahuvati Rahuvati potribno ti fishki yaki dodayutsya do kincevogo rezultatu gri Kilkist kincevih pozicij zalezhit vid togo z yakogo hodu pochinati rahuvati i same tomu komp yuteri grayut nabagato krashe lyudej voni v zmozi prorahuvati vsi mozhlivi varianti yih za komp yuternimi mirkami nebagato ta zavzhdi vibirayut toj pri yakomu komp yuter zahoplyuye bilshe fishok nizh lyudina Isnuye dostatno bagato riznih strategij gri v reversi 1 i vibir viznachayetsya rivnem pidgotovki ta nahilami gravcya Najprostishim dlya novachkiv mozhe buti zahoplennya kutovih klitin doshki yaki zgodom uzhe nemozhlivo perefarbuvati v inshij kolir i poslidovne zahoplennya doshki u napryamku centru Bilsh prosunutoyu taktikoyu vvazhayetsya obmezhennya mozhlivih hodiv supernik stvoryuyetsya poziciya v yakij supernik vimushenij robiti hodi yaki vlashtovuyut gravcya i gra prohodit v zruchnomu dlya gravcya rusli Zazvichaj bilshist yaponskih majstriv viriznyayetsya same ciyeyu vidshlifovanoyu do nyuansiv taktikoyu She bilsh prosunutoyu ye taktika tempiv angl temp yaku mozhna oharakterizuvati pravilom vidberi u protivnika jogo najvigidnishi hodi i zrobi yih svoyimi Cya strategiya vimagaye odnak nadzvichajno silnogo vidchuttya poziciyi Ale zreshtoyu popri nayavnist rozroblenih strategichnih principiv najvazhlivishim komponentom uspihu ye dosvid Tilki dosvid daye stabilnist z yakoyu prihodit vidchuttya rozuminnya gri ta yiyi tonkoshiv Poznajomitisya dokladnishe zi strategiyeyu ta taktikoyu gri mozhna za knigoyu Brajana Rouza Otello hvilina shob vivchiti vse zhittya shob vdoskonalitis 2 Istoriya red Gra bula vinajdena u Velikij Britaniyi 1880 roku ta koristuvalasya velikoyu populyarnistyu ale zgodom bula zabuta Vidrodili yiyi v Yaponiyi de vona 1971 roku pid nazvoyu otello znovu stala populyarnoyu Z 1977 roku regulyarno prohodyat chempionati svitu z reversi Chempionati svitu red Rik Misce provedennya Chempion svitu Krayina Komanda Sribnij prizer Krayina1977 Monte Karlo Sylvain Perez nbsp Franciya Michel Rengot Blanchard nbsp Franciya1978 Nyu Jork Hidenori Maruoka nbsp Yaponiya Carol Jacobs nbsp SShA1979 Rim Hiroshi Inoue nbsp Yaponiya Jonathan Cerf nbsp SShA1980 London Jonathan Cerf nbsp SShA Takuya Mimura nbsp Yaponiya1981 Bryussel Hidenori Maruoka nbsp Yaponiya Brian Rose nbsp SShA1982 Stokgolm Kunihiko Tanida nbsp Yaponiya David Shaman nbsp SShA1983 Parizh Ken Ichi Ishii nbsp Yaponiya Imre Leader nbsp Velika Britaniya1984 Melburn Paul Ralle nbsp Franciya Ryoichi Taniguchi nbsp Yaponiya1985 Afini Masaki Takizawa nbsp Yaponiya Paolo Ghirardato nbsp Italiya1986 Tokio Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya Paul Ralle nbsp Franciya1987 Milan Ken Ichi Ishii nbsp Yaponiya nbsp SShA Paul Ralle nbsp Franciya1988 Parizh Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Velika Britaniya Graham Brightwell nbsp Velika Britaniya1989 Varshava Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Velika Britaniya Graham Brightwell nbsp Velika Britaniya1990 Stokgolm Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Franciya Didier Piau nbsp Franciya1991 Nyu Jork Shigeru Kaneda nbsp Yaponiya nbsp SShA Paul Ralle nbsp Franciya1992 Barselona Marc Tastet nbsp Franciya nbsp Velika Britaniya David Shaman nbsp Velika Britaniya1993 London David Shaman nbsp SShA nbsp SShA Emmanuel Caspard nbsp Franciya1994 Parizh Masaki Takizawa nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Franciya Karsten Feldborg nbsp Daniya1995 Melburn Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp SShA David Shaman nbsp SShA1996 Tokio Takeshi Murakami nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Velika Britaniya Stephane Nicolet nbsp Franciya1997 Afini Makoto Suekuni nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Velika Britaniya Graham Brightwell nbsp Velika Britaniya1998 Barselona Takeshi Murakami nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Franciya Emmanuel Caspard nbsp Franciya1999 Milan David Shaman nbsp Niderlandi nbsp Yaponiya Tetsuya Nakajima nbsp Yaponiya2000 Kopengagen Takeshi Murakami nbsp Yaponiya nbsp SShA Brian Rose nbsp SShA2001 Nyu Jork Brian Rose nbsp SShA nbsp SShA Raphael Schreiber nbsp SShA2002 Amsterdam David Shaman nbsp Niderlandi nbsp SShA Ben Seeley nbsp SShA2003 Stokgolm Ben Seeley nbsp SShA nbsp Yaponiya Makoto Suekuni nbsp Yaponiya2004 London Ben Seeley nbsp SShA nbsp SShA Makoto Suekuni nbsp Yaponiya2005 Rejk yavik Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Kwangwook Lee nbsp Pivdenna Koreya2006 Mito Hideshi Tamenori nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Makoto Suekuni nbsp Singapur2007 Afini Kenta Tominaga nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Tetsuya Nakajima nbsp Yaponiya2008 Oslo Michele Borassi nbsp Italiya nbsp Italiya Tamaki Miyaoka nbsp Yaponiya2009 Gent Yusuki Takanashi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Matthias Berg nbsp Nimechchina2010 Rim Yusuki Takanashi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Michele Borassi nbsp Italiya2011 Nyuark Hiroki Nobukawa nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Piyanat Aunchulee nbsp Tayiland2012 Leuvarden Yusuke Takanashi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Kazuki Okamoto nbsp Yaponiya2013 Stokgolm Kazuki Okamoto nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Piyanat Aunchulee nbsp Tayiland2014 Bangkok Makoto Suekuni nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Ben Seeley nbsp SShA2015 Kembridzh Yusuke Takanashi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Makoto Suekuni nbsp Yaponiya2016 Mito Piyanat Aunchulee nbsp Tayiland nbsp Yaponiya Yan Song nbsp KNR2017 Gent Yusuke Takanashi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Akihiro Takahashi nbsp Yaponiya2018 Praga Keisuke Fukuchi nbsp Yaponiya nbsp Yaponiya Piyanat Aunchulee nbsp TayilandReversi ta komp yuteri red nbsp Komp yuterna versiya Reversi Iagno z naboru igor GNOME Gamesnini vipusheno bagato komp yuternih program dlya gri v reversi u tomu chisli i dlya gri v rezhimi onlajn dlya komp yutera cya gra ye dostatno prostoyu i horoshi programi bez osoblivih zusil obigrayut navit chempioniv sered lyudej Taka sila dosyagayetsya na comu etapi rozvitku tehniki algoritmom alfa beta vidsikannya z vikoristannyam velikoyi bazi danih partij sho vzhe vidbulis 3 U gri isnuye blizko 1028 pozicij i blizko 1058 mozhlivih partij Varianti reversi red Reversi n n red Isnuyut varianti reversi z rozmirom polya 10 10 ta bilshe Voni ne vidriznyayutsya vid zvichajnih nichim krim rozmiru polya antireversi red Vidriznyayetsya lishe tim sho pri pidbitti pidsumkiv gri vigraye toj u kogo fishok menshe Reversi z chornoyu diroyu red Vidriznyayetsya lishe tim sho odna z klitin doshki vipadkovo vibirayetsya na pochatku gri poznachayetsya yak chorna dira Pri comu na neyi ne mozhna zrobiti hid i fishki z odnogo boku takoyi klitini ne mozhut zahopiti fishki z inshogo Komp yuterni igri red Komp yuterni programi reversi vzhe z seredini 1990 h rokiv grayut nabagato silnishe nizh lyudi Programa Logistello 1997 roku obigrala chempiona svitu Takesi Murakami 6 0 4 Podibno do bagatoh igor reversi dostatno poshireni v Interneti Odnak vidsutnist kultovogo statusu dozvolyaye nashtovhnutisya v onlajni na gravciv svitovogo rivnya tak napriklad bagato silni rosijski otellisti vklyuchayuchi uchasnikiv chempionativ svitu grayut na sajti gambler ru a semirazovij chempion svitu vidatnij majster gri Hidesi Tamenori dosi graye na www playok com pid nikom becky2002jan Praktichno vsi igrovi portali sho povazhayut sebe mayut rozdil reversi odnak vnaslidok togo sho komp yuteri grayut nabagato krashe nizh lyudi v Interneti vvazhayetsya za docilne grati lishe blici zazvichaj do dvoh hvilin na kozhnogo gravcya Iagno v nabori igor GNOME Games Primitki red Opis otello i osnovnih strategichnih koncepcij en A Minute to Learn A Lifetime to Master Arhiv originalu za 27 zhovtnya 2014 Procitovano 27 zhovtnya 2014 Styuart Rassel Piter Norvig Iskusstvennyj intellekt Sovremennyj podhod 2 e izdanie 2007 Vilyams c 241 266 Konstantin Knop Rukotvornyj razum Arhivovano 12 sichnya 2011 u Wayback Machine Kompyuterra 21 25 maya 1999Posilannya red U Vikislovniku ye storinka reversi The French Othello Federation The British Othello Federation The Danish Othello Association The Italian Othello Federation Worldwide Othello News Igri reversi proti komp yutera online 1 Komp yuterni realizaciyiGrandGames Programa dlya onlajn gri v reversi ta inshih nastilnih igor Logistello Vidkrite programne zabezpechennya Zebra angl zagalnij algoritm reversi program Spisok inshih program Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Reversi amp oldid 38312629