www.wikidata.uk-ua.nina.az
Pravo gromadyan zberigati i nositi zbroyu chasto zgaduyetsya yak pravo nositi zbroyu abo mati zbroyu abo pravo na civilnu zbroyu 1 ce pravo narodu mati zbroyu zadlya vlasnogo zahistu yake opisane v filosofskih i politichnih pracyah Aristotelya Cicerona Dzhona Loka Makiyavelli Anglijskih Vigiv ta inshih 2 Zhinka pid chas trenuvannya z vikoristannyam zbroyi dlya oboroni na poligoni z realnimi boyepripasami v Prazi Chehiya Vognepalna zbroya Kahr CM9 1875 roku 17 konstitucij vklyuchalo pravo na nosinnya zbroyi odnak z pochatku XX st cej pokaznik postijno zmenshuyetsya syagnuvshi 10 3 V istorichnomu oglyadi j analizi konstitucij pochinayuchi z 1789 roku 3 Tom Ginzburg en z kolegami viyavili lishe 15 konstitucij u dev yati krayinah sho vklyuchali pravo na nosinnya zbroyi Majzhe vsi voni buli v Latinskij Americi i bilshist z nih datovana XIX stolittyam 4 Yak pravilo v suchasnih konstituciyah metoyu vklyuchennya prava na nosinnya zbroyi stavit za metu uryadu vregulyuvannya yiyi vikoristannya abo kontrol vijskovih a ne nadannya prava nositi yiyi yak takogo 3 Krim SShA inshi krayini yaki ranishe garantuvali pravo nositi zbroyu skladayut nevelikij spisok do yakogo mozhna vklyuchiti Boliviyu Kolumbiyu Kosta Riku Gvatemalu Gonduras Liberiyu Meksiku ta Nikaragua 5 Majzhe vsi vidpovidni zakoni cih krayin buli stvoreni za zrazkom SShA 4 Na 2020 rik lishe tri konstituciyi yavno dozvolyayut nositi zbroyu Gvatemala Meksika ta SShA 3 Zmist 1 Peredistoriya 2 Amerika 2 1 Gvatemala 2 2 Meksika 2 3 SShA 3 Yevropa 3 1 Ukrayina 3 2 Britaniya 3 3 Shvejcariya 4 Div takozh 5 Vinoski ta posilannya 6 BibliografiyaPeredistoriya red Za chasiv Kiyivskoyi Rusi zaboroni na pravo volodinnya zbroyeyu ne isnuvalo oskilki dlya velikih vijskovih kampanij knyazivskoyi druzhini ne vistachalo u pohodah bralo uchast vse choloviche naselennya zdatne nositi zbroyu 6 Bill pro prava 1689 roku dozvoliv protestantskim gromadyanam Angliyi mati zbroyu dlya oboroni vidpovidnu dlya umov i yak ce peredbacheno zakonom i obmezhiv zdatnist Anglijskoyi Koroni mati postijnu armiyu abo vtruchatisya v prava protestantiv nositi zbroyu koli papisti buli odrazu i ozbroyeni i vikoristovuvani vsuperech zakonu i vstanoviv sho parlament a ne Korona mozhe regulyuvati pravo na nosinnya zbroyi 7 8 Ser Vilyam Blekston zapisav u XVIII stolitti sho pravo mati zbroyu bulo dopomizhnim do prirodnogo prava oporu i samozberezhennya za umovi pridatnosti ta dozvolenosti zakonom 9 Vikoristannya cih terminiv shodo prava na zberigannya i nosinnya zbroyi gruntuyetsya na uyavlennyah pro pravo na samooboronu zahist vlasnosti en ta zahist derzhavi Z pershogo vikoristannya cogo termina v 1300 h rokah zbroya rozvivalisya i progresuvala 10 U XVII stolitti vognepalna zbroya bula vidnosno novim pristroyem dlya vijni abo praktichnogo zastosuvannya napriklad yak polyuvannya i mechi spisi ta insha ruchna zbroya bula bilsh poshirenoyu do XVIII stolittya 10 U XIX ta XX stolittyah vognepalna zbroya vijshla na pershij plan kocepciyi prava na zberigannya ta nosinnya zbroyi 11 Amerika red Gvatemala red Zbrojne zakonodavstvo Gvatemali zminyuvalosya iz plinom chasu U ninishnij konstituciyi gromadyani mayut pravo voloditi i vikoristovuvati vognepalnu zbroyu v svoyih budinkah yaki mozhut buti konfiskovani tilki v sudovomu poryadku 12 Meksika red Dokladnishe Zbrojne zakonodavstvo Meksiki10 stattya Konstituciyi Meksiki 1917 roku zayavlyaye nastupne U meshkanciv Spoluchenih Shtativ Meksiki ye pravovoloditi zbroyeyu v mezhah yih miscya prozhivannya dlya yih bezpeki i zakonnogo zahistu za vinyatkom tiyeyi yaka zaboronena Federalnim zakonom i tiyeyi yaka zarezervovana dlya vinyatkovogo vikoristannya armiyi opolchennya povitryanih sil i nacionalnoyi gvardiyi Federalnij zakon peredbachaye v yakih vipadkah za yakih umov za yakimi vimogami i v yakih miscyah zhiteli matimut pravo nositi zbroyu 13 SShA red Dokladnishe Pravo zberigati i nositi zbroyu u Spoluchenih ShtatahU SShA sho mayut Anglijsku zagalnu pravovu tradiciyu davnye pravo na zberigannya i nosinnya zbroyi bulo viznano do stvorennya pismovogo nacionalnoyi konstituciyi 14 Na sogodnishnij den ce pravo okremo ohoronyayetsya konstituciyeyu SShA ta bagatma konstituciyami shtativ en 15 yaki nadayut pravo na volodinnya zbroyeyu dlya individualnogo vikoristannya i nositi tu zh zbroyu yak dlya osobistogo zahistu tak i dlya vikoristannya v opolchenni 16 U Drugij popravci do Konstituciyi SShA zapisano nbsp Dobre organizovane opolchennya neobhidne dlya bezpeki vilnoyi derzhavi prava narodu zberigati i nositi zbroyu ne povinni buti porusheni 17 nbsp Sudimim zlochincyam osobam viznanim psihichno hvorimi ta deyakim inshim grupam lyudej zaboroneno voloditi vognepalnoyu zbroyeyu ta boyepripasami v SShA U bilshosti shtativ zhiteli mozhut nositi pistolet abo inshu zbroyu v gromadskih miscyah u prihovanij abo vidkritij formi na svoyu lyudinu abo v bezposerednij blizkosti ale ce obmezheno deyakimi shtatami i bagatma mistami U deyakih yurisdikciyah vimagayetsya dozvil na prihovane nosinnya en ale bilshist yurisdikcij ne vimagayut dozvolu na vidkrite nosinnya en yaksho vono dozvolene U deyakih shtatah i naselenih punktah vimagayut licenziyi na volodinnya abo pridbannya zbroyi i boyepripasiv yak detalno opisano v pidsumku zbrojnomu zakonodavstvi Spoluchenih Shtativ en Inshi shtati ne vimagayut takih formalnostej abo navit dozvoliti volodinnya i vikoristannya zbroyi yaka opodatkovuyetsya za Nacionalnim aktom pro vognepalnu zbroyu en Rannya yuridichne formulyuvannya mozhe buti znajdene u Konstituciyi Pensilvaniyi 1776 roku en Pislya Amerikanskoyi revolyuciyi odnim z pershih zakonodavchih aktiv prijnyatim kozhnim z novih nezalezhnih shtativ bulo prijnyattya prijomnij statut en sho dalo yuridichnu silu isnuyuchogo poryadku anglijskogo zagalnogo prava v tij miri sho amerikanske zakonodavstvo abo Konstituciya yavno ne vidkidali jogo 18 Bagato tradicij anglijskogo zagalnogo prava taki yak pravo zberigati i nositi zbroyu habeas corpus sud prisyazhnih ta inshi rizni gromadyanski svobodi buli pererahovani v Konstituciyi SShA Istotni principi anglijskogo zagalnogo prava do pochatku 1776 zalishayutsya v sili v bagatoh yurisdikciyah u Spoluchenih Shtatah Zagalne pravo Angliyi yak i ranishe ye pravilom rishennya za vinyatkom vipadkiv yaksho ce superechit Konstituciyi SShA konstituciyam shtativ abo aktam Kongresu abo zakonodavchim organam shtativ v kozhnomu shtati krim Luyiziani 19 Yevropa red Ukrayina red V Ukrayini vikoristovuvati vognepalnu zbroyu vklyuchno z avtomatichnoyu mayut pravo lishe spivrobitniki Policiyi ohoroni sho ranishe mala nazvu Derzhavna sluzhba ohoroni Pracivniki privatnih ohoronnih kompanij ne mayut prava na vikoristannya zbroyi j mozhut vikoristovuvati lishe speczasobi gumovi palici gazovi balonchiki gazovi pistoleti travmatichni pistoleti Okremo potribno otrimuvati dozvil na travmatichnu zbroyu do yakih vhodit pistolet z gumovimi kulyami take pravo nadayetsya spivrobitnikam kompanij sho ohoronyayut derzhavni ustanovi 20 Britaniya red Dokladnishe Zbrojne zakonodavstvo Spoluchenogo KorolivstvaPravo na zberigannya i nosinnya zbroyi bilshe ne ye yuridichno i konstitucijno zahishenim u Spoluchenomu Korolivstvi 21 Pravo zberigati i nositi zbroyu dlya samozahistu bulo vklyuchene v anglijske zagalne pravo ale sogodni bilshist pistoletiv avtomatichnoyi ta samozaryadnoyi zbroyi ye nezakonnimi dlya volodinnya bez osoblivogo polozhennya 21 22 Pravo na nosinnya zbroyi ne bulo osoblivo zahishenim u Spoluchenomu Korolivstvi do Billya pro prava 1689 roku i potim ce diyalo lishe dlya protestantiv Pislya cogo ne bulo niyakogo serjoznogo kontrolyu shodo vognepalnoyi zbroyi do prijnyattya Aktu pro vognepalnu zbroyu 1920 roku en sho vidbulosya bilsh nizh na 200 rokiv piznishe 23 Yaksho nesti nizh abo bud yaku inshu zbroyu v gromadskomu misci bez dozvolu kompetentnih organiv abo zakonnih pidstav ce stalo kriminalnim zlochinom v Spoluchenomu Korolivstvi vid 1953 roku 24 Shvejcariya red Dokladnishe Zbrojne zakonodavstvo ShvejcariyiShvejcarci mayut zakonne pravo na nosinnya zbroyi vidpovidno do statti 3 Zakonu pro zbroyu 1997 roku 25 26 27 Shvejcariya praktikuye zagalnij prizov yakij vimagaye shob vsi pracezdatni gromadyani cholovichoyi stati trimali povnistyu avtomatichnu vognepalnu zbroyu v domashnih umovah na vipadok prizovu Kozhen cholovik u vici vid 20 do 34 rokiv vvazhayetsya kandidatom na prizov na vijskovu sluzhbu i pislya korotkogo periodu aktivnoyi sluzhbi zazvichaj bude reyestruvatisya v opolchenni do zvilnennya za vikom abo nezdatnosti sluzhiti cherez yake vin zakinchuye svoye zobov yazannya 28 Do grudnya 2009 roku ci lyudi ne buli zobov yazani trimati yihnyu vidanu derzhavnim organom bojovi gvintivki selektivnogo vognyu ta napivavtomatichni pistoleti v svoyih budinkah do tih pir poki voni ne budut zarahovani v zbrojni sili 29 Z sichnya 2010 roku voni mali mozhlivist zdachi na zberigannya yih osobistoyi vognepalnoyi zbroyi v uryadovi arsenali 30 Do veresnya 2007 soldati otrimuvali 50 naboyiv vipushenih uryadom boyepripasiv v oplombovanomu yashiku dlya zberigannya v domashnih umovah 31 Shvejcariya za ocinkami maye odin z najvishih rivniv volodinnya osobistoyu zbroyeyu u sviti 32 U toj chas yak vona maye nizkij zagalnij riven zlochinnosti za yevropejskimi standartami vona maye odin z najvishih pokaznikiv vognepalnih vbivstv i najvishij riven vognepalnih samogubstv v Yevropi 33 34 Tim ne mensh vona takozh maye odin z najnizhchih v sviti v cilomu riven vbivstv znachno nizhchij nizh v serednomu po Yevropi 35 Shvejcarski zakoni pro nosinnya zbroyi vvazhayutsya obmezhuvalnimi 36 Vlasniki nesut yuridichnu vidpovidalnist za dostup tretih storin do vikoristannya yih zbroyi Proceduri otrimannya dozvoliv analogichni tim yaki ye v inshih nimeckomovnih krayinah 37 Na referendumi u lyutomu 2011 roku en viborci vidhilili iniciativi gromadyan yaki b zobov yazali chleniv zbrojnih sil zberigati svoyi rushnici i pistoleti na vijskovih ob yektah i vimagali shob vognepalna zbroya v privatnomu volodinni reyestruvalasya 34 Div takozh red Oglyad zbrojnogo zakonodavstva za krayinoyu en Pravo na samooboronu Zbrojna vijna Basuto en Indeks statej zbrojnoyi politiki en Zbrojne zakonodavstvo UkrayiniVinoski ta posilannya red Prijnyato za osnovu proekt Zakonu www rada gov ua 23 lyutogo 2022 Procitovano 18 lipnya 2023 Halbrook Stephen P 1994 That Every Man Be Armed The Evolution of a Constitutional Right Independent Studies in Political Economy Oakland CA The Independent Institute s 8 ISBN 0 945999 38 0 OCLC 30659789 a b v g Ginsburg Tom Elkins Zachary Melton James 7 bereznya 2013 U S Gun Rights Are Truly American Exceptionalism Bloomberg Arhiv originalu za 8 kvitnya 2016 Procitovano 25 bereznya 2016 a b Elkins Zachary 4 kvitnya 2013 Rewrite the Second Amendment New York Times Procitovano 29 bereznya 2016 Ginsburg Tom Elkins Zachary Melton James 2016 Data Visualizations Right to Bear Arms CCP Comparative Constitutions Project Procitovano 2016 Popovich M V Mirovozzrenie drevnih slavyan Naukova dumka 1985 165 s 139 140 s ros 1688 c 2 1 Will and Mar Sess 2 The National Archives UK Procitovano 2 lipnya 2014 BBC Bill of Rights Act 1689 The Glorious Revolution bbc co uk BBC 2002 Arhiv originalu za 14 lipnya 2014 Procitovano 2 lipnya 2014 Blackstone s Commentaries on the Laws of England Avalon law yale edu Procitovano 22 travnya 2012 a b Marshall Michael Timeline Weapons technology New Scientist Procitovano 11 travnya 2014 Spitzer Robert J 2012 Policy Definition and Gun Control The Politics of Gun Control Boulder Colorado Paradigm ISBN 9781594519871 OCLC 714715262 Arhivovana kopiya Arhiv originalu za 8 kvitnya 2016 Procitovano 6 serpnya 2016 Mexican Constitution As amended s Article 10 Procitovano 30 lipnya 2009 McAffee Thomas B Quinlan Michael J 1997 Bringing Forward The Right To Keep And Bear Arms Do Text History or Precedent Stand In The Way Scholarly Works Paper 512 Volokh Eugene 2008 State Constitutional Right to Keep and Bear Arms Provisions law ucla edu Wills Garry 21 veresnya 1995 To Keep and Bear Arms The New York Review of Books Book review NYREV Procitovano 3 lipnya 2014 US Constitution at Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute Lammi Glenn G Chang James 17 grudnya 2004 Michigan High Court Ruling Offers Positive Guidance on Challenges to Tort Reform Laws Legal Backgrounder Washington Legal Foundation 19 46 Unknown ID 10563059 Milestones 200 Years of American Law Milestones in Our Legal History Yak pracyuyut grupi shvidkogo reaguvannya Blog Ajax Systems Ajax Systems ua Procitovano 10 bereznya 2020 a b Alpers Philip Marcus Wilson Amelie Rossetti and Daniel Salinas 29 kvitnya 2015 United Kingdom Gun Facts Figures and the Law Gun regulation Right to Possess Firearms Sydney School of Public Health The University of Sydney Procitovano 13 travnya 2015 Kopel David 1995 It isn t about duck hunting The British origins of the right to arms Michigan Law Review Michigan Law Review Association 93 1333 1362 Procitovano 7 kvitnya 2013 John Pate 11 serpnya 1903 Dunblane Massacre Resource Page Pistols Act 1903 Dvc org uk Procitovano 22 travnya 2012 Knife legislation United Kingdom http www loc gov law help firearms control switzerland php f3 Arhivovana kopiya Arhiv originalu za 5 bereznya 2016 Procitovano 6 serpnya 2016 http www gunpolicy org firearms citation quotes 1535 The Swiss Army at Europeforvisitors com Lott John R 2 zhovtnya 2003 Swiss Miss National Review Procitovano 17 bereznya 2010 Hinterlegung der personlichen Waffe Logistikbasis der Armee Eidgenossisches Departement fur Verteidigung Bevolkerungsschutz und Sport Arhiv originalu za 8 kvitnya 2013 Procitovano 4 travnya 2013 Gun laws under fire after latest shooting Swissinfo 27 listopada 2007 Arhiv originalu za 23 sichnya 2009 Procitovano 6 serpnya 2016 Estimating Civilian Owned Firearms presreliz Small Arms Survey September 2011 Procitovano 27 sichnya 2013 De Quilling the Porcupine Swiss Mull Tighter Gun Laws Procitovano 22 sichnya 2008 a b Switzerland rejects tighter gun controls BBC News Online 13 lyutogo 2011 Arhivovana kopiya Arhiv originalu za 22 serpnya 2016 Procitovano 6 serpnya 2016 Switzerland Gun Facts Figures and the Law International Firearms Injury Prevention amp Policy 27 chervnya 2012 Procitovano 15 sichnya 2013 Bundesgesetz vom 20 Juni 1997 uber Waffen Waffenzubehor und Munition Waffengesetz WG Swissinfo 20 chervnya 1997 Procitovano 17 bereznya 2010 Bibliografiya red Baker Dennis 2009 Collective Criminalization and the Constitutional Right to Endanger Others Criminal Justice Ethics Cramer Clayton E 1994 For the Defense of Themselves and the State The Original Intent and Judicial Interpretation of the Right to Keep and Bear Arms Praeger Publishers ISBN 0 275 94913 3 Dizard Jan E Muth Robert Merrill Andrews Stephen P Jr 1999 Guns in America A Reader New York University Press ISBN 0 8147 1878 7 Halbrook Stephan P 1989 A Right to Bear Arms State and Federal Bills of Rights and Constitutional Guarantees Greenwood Press ISBN 0 313 26539 9 Malcolm Joyce 1996 To Keep and Bear Arms The Origins of an Anglo American Right Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0674893078 Malcolm Joyce 2004 Guns and Violence The English Experience Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0674016088 Spitzer Robert J 1998 The Politics of Gun Control Chatham House Publishers ISBN 1 56643 021 6 Uviller H Richard William G Merkel 2002 The Militia and the Right to Arms Duke University Press ISBN 0 8223 3017 2 Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Pravo gromadyan zberigati i nositi zbroyu amp oldid 40433338