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Meri Marta Shervud angl Mary Martha Sherwood 6 travnya 1775 roku Vustershir 22 zhovtnya 1851 roku London Velika Britaniya anglijska dityacha pismennicya Britaniyi 19 stolittya Meri Marta ShervudMary Martha SherwoodIm ya pri narodzhenni angl Mary Martha ButtNarodilasya 6 travnya 1775 1775 05 06 1 2 3 Vustershir Angliya Korolivstvo Velika Britaniya 4 Pomerla 20 veresnya 1851 1851 09 20 3 5 76 rokiv LondonKrayina Spoluchene Korolivstvo 6 Korolivstvo Velika BritaniyaDiyalnist pismennicyaZnannya mov anglijska 6 Batko George ButtdBrati sestri Lucy CamerondU shlyubi z Henry SherwooddDiti Sophia Kellyd i Emily SherwooddRoboti u Vikidzherelah Mediafajli u Vikishovishi Zmist 1 Biografiya 2 Shlyub ta Indiya 3 Povernennya do Britaniyi ta smert 4 Tvorchist 5 Tvori 6 Bibliografiya 7 Primitki 8 PosilannyaBiografiya RedaguvatiMeri Marta Shervud narodilasya 6 travnya 1775 roku v grafstvi Vustershir Bula drugoyu ditinoyu Marti Batt i prepodobnogo Dzhordzha Batta zvichajnogo kapelana Dzhordzha III Shervud beregla spogadi pro ditinstvo napovnene prigodami provedenim razom z bratom Vona skladala istoriyi persh nizh vona mogla pisati Meri Marta otrimala garnu osvitu Divchinka vidviduvala shkolu dlya divchat madam Sent Kventina v abatstvi Vona znala latinsku ta grecku movi i vilno chitala v biblioteci svogo batka Pidlitkom vona zhila u Lichfildi de spilkuvalasya z naturalistom Erazmom Darvinom osvitnim reformatorom Richardom Edzhvortom jogo dochkoyu Mariyeyu Edzhvort ta poetesoyu Annoyu Syuard Vona virishila stati pismenniceyu koli yij bulo simnadcyat rokiv Batko dopomig yij opublikuvati pershe opovidannya Tradiciyi Pislya smerti batka u 1795 roci yiyi rodina pereyihala do Bridgnorta Shropshir Shervud pochala pisati sentimentalni romani U cej chas vona takozh vikladala v miscevij nedilnij shkoli Koli Mari Marta vijshla zamizh za kapitana Genriha Shervuda ta pereyihala do Indiyi perejshla na yevangelske hristiyanstvo Todi zh pochala pisati knigi dlya ditej Spochatku tvori buli priznacheni lishe dlya ditej vijskovih taboriv Indiyi Ale britanska gromadskist prijnyala takozh yih iz zahoplennyam Pislya desyatilittya v Indiyi Shervud povernulasya do Angliyi vidkrivla shkolu internat i opublikuvav bezlich tekstiv dlya ditej Shlyub ta Indiya Redaguvati30 chervnya 1803 roku Meri Marta odruzhilas zi svoyim dvoyuridnim bratom kapitanom Genri Shervudom 1776 1849 Kilka rokiv vona suprovodzhuvala cholovika ta jogo polk na chislennih postah po vsij Britaniyi U 1805 roci polk perebuvav u Indiyi i Shervudi buli zmusheni zalishiti svoyu pershu ditinu Meri Genriyettu razom z matir yu ta sestroyu Shervuda v Angliyi Chotirimisyachna morska podorozh Shervuda do Indiyi bulo vazhkoyu Shervudi probuli v Indiyi odinadcyat rokiv Z armiyeyu pereyizhdzhali vid Kalkutti do Dinaporu do Berhampora do Kaunspora do Meeruta V Indiyi narodilosya shestero ditej Genri 1805 1807 Lyusi Marta 1807 1808 Lyusi Elizabet 1809 1835 Emili 1811 1833 Genri Martin 1813 16 ta Sofiya 1815 Smert nemovlyat Genri ta Lyusi Marti a piznishe yunoyi Emili ta Lyusi Elizabet vplinula na Shervud Misioner Genrih Martin ostatochno perekonav yiyi u navernenni do hristiyanstva Zgodom vona pragnula prodovzhuvati yevangelsku misionersku robotu v Indiyi Shervud stvorila shkoli yak dlya ditej oficeriv armiyi tak i dlya miscevih indijskih ditej priyednanih do taboru Ditej chasto navchali v yiyi budinku oskilki zhodnih budivel ne bulo Shervud viyaviv sho tradicijni britanski navchalni materiali ne podobayutsya dityam yaki vihovuyutsya v Indiyi Todi vona napisala vlasni istoriyi taki yak Istoriya malenkogo Genriha 1814 ta Memuari serzhanta Dejla jogo dochki ta siroti Mariyi 1815 Shervud takozh usinovila zanedbanih ditej sirit iz taboru Vona znajshla budinki dlya tih kogo ne zmogla prijnyati i zasnuvala dityachij budinok U 1816 roci za poradoyu likariv vona ta yiyi rodina povernulisya do Britaniyi Povernennya do Britaniyi ta smert RedaguvatiKoli Shervudi povernulisya do Britaniyi voni buli finansovo obmezheni Kapitan Shervud otrimavshi zarobitnu platu vidkriv shkolu v Genviku Vustershir Spirayuchis na svoyu slavu yak avtor ta svij pedagogichnij dosvid v Indiyi Meri Marta Shervud virishila stvoriti shkolu internat dlya divchat yaka pracyuvala visim rokiv Vona vikladala anglijsku francuzku astronomiyu istoriyu geografiyu gramatiku pismo ta arifmetiku U toj zhe chas vona pisala romani ta inshi tvori dlya ditej ta bidnih Istoriya Genri Milnera 1822 bula odniyeyu z najuspishnishih knig Shervuda Do 1830 h rokiv Shervudi stali procvitayuchimi i sim ya virishila poyihati na kontinent U cej chas vona vzyala uchast u velikomu ta skladnomu proekti Starogo Zavitu dlya yakogo vivchila ivrit Navit u svoyi simdesyat rokiv Shervud pisala chotiri p yat godin na den U 1849 roci Shervudi pereyihali do Tvikhenma shtat Middlseks a v grudni togo zh roku kapitan Shervud pomer Meri Marta Shervud pomerla majzhe cherez dva roki 20 veresnya 1851 roku Tvorchist RedaguvatiAvtorka ponad 400 knig traktiv statej u zhurnalah ta pidruchnikiv Sered yiyi najvidomishih prac Istoriya malenkogo Genriha ta jogo nosiya 1814 r Istoriya Genri Milnera 1822 1837 rr Ta Istoriya sim yi Ferchildiv 1818 1847 Hocha Shervud vidoma nasampered silnim yevangelizmom yakij zabarviv yiyi ranni tvori piznishi jogo tvori harakterizuyutsya zagalnoyu viktorianskoyu tematikoyu Doslidnicya Shervuda M Nensi Katt stverdzhuvala sho kar yeru Shervuda mozhna rozdiliti na tri periodi yiyi romantichnij period 1795 1805 protyagom yakogo vona stvorila kilka sentimentalnih romaniv yiyi yevangelichnij period 1810 1830 protyagom yakogo napisala svoyi najpopulyarnishi tvori ta yiyi pislyayevangelichnij period 1830 1851 Kilka osnovnih tem pronizuyut bilshist tvoriv Shervuda protyagom cih periodiv yiyi perekonannya u vlastivij lyudskij korupciyi yiyi perekonannya sho literatura maye katehitichnu korisnist dlya kozhnogo rangu suspilstva yiyi perekonannya sho dinamika simejnogo zhittya povinna vidobrazhati centralni hristiyanski principi i yiyi virulentnij antikatolicizm Najdavnishi tvori Shervuda ce sentimentalni romani Tradiciyi 1795 ta Margarita 1795 hocha obidva ne otrimali velikogo viznannya Navpaki Istoriya Syuzen Grej yaku pisali dlya divchat yiyi klasu nedilnoyi shkoli v Bridgnorti zrobila Shervuda vidomim avtorom Roman stvorenij dlya togo shob navchiti morali serednogo klasu bidnim Bagato knig Shervuda buli bestselerami i vona bula oharakterizovana yak odin iz najznachnishih avtoriv dityachoyi literaturi HIH stolittya Yiyi zmalovuvannya domashnogo zhittya ta stosunkiv Velikoyi Britaniyi z Indiyeyu mozhlivo zigrali pevnu rol u formuvanni dumok bagatoh molodih britanskih chitachiv Odnak yiyi tvori vipali z shirokogo vzhitku oskilki inshij stil dityachoyi literaturi vvijshov u modu naprikinci HIH stolittya yak skazhimo grajlivi Prigodi Alisi u Divokrayi Lyuyisa Kerrolla Yevangelski knigi pismennici vikoristovuvalis perevazhno dlya navchannya bidnih ta v nedilnih shkolah Tomu yiyi misionerski istoriyi buli najvplivovishimi z usih yiyi tvoriv Za slovami Ketta ci istoriyi yaki sami po sobi zberegli misionerskij duh i uvichnili batkivske stavlennya do Indiyi V Americi knigi anglijskoyi pismennici buli duzhe populyarnimi i perevidani v 1840 h rokah Shervud takozh spriyala rozvitku ideologiyi viktorianskoyi rodini Tvori RedaguvatiCe perelik najvazhlivishih tvoriv Shervuda The History of Little Henry and his Bearer 1814 The History of Susan Gray 1815 revised Stories Explanatory of the Church Catechism 1817 The History of the Fairchild Family 1818 The Indian Pilgrim 1818 An Introduction to Geography 1818 The Governess or The Little Female Academy 1820 The History of George Desmond 1821 The Infant s Progress 1821 2nd edition The History of Henry Milner 1822 The History of Little Lucy and her Dhaye 1823 The Lady of the Manor 1823 29 Soffrona and her Cat Muff 1828 The Monk of Cimies 1834 Caroline Mordaunt or The Governess 1835 Shanty the Blacksmith 1835 The Last Days of Boosy the Bearer of Little Henry 1842 The Youth s Magazine 1822 48 This periodical brought out tales tracts and articles by Mrs Sherwood for over twenty five years signed at first M M and afterBibliografiya RedaguvatiBhattacharya Nandini Maternal Plots Colonialist Fictions Colonial Pedagogy in Mary Martha Sherwood s Children s Stories Nineteenth Century Contexts 23 2001 381 415 Cutt M Nancy Mrs Sherwood and her Books for Children London Oxford University Press 1974 ISBN 0 19 278010 7 F J Harvey Darton ed The Life and Times of Mrs Sherwood from the Diaries of Captain and Mrs Sherwood London Wells Gardner Darton amp Co Ltd 1910 Dawson Janis Mary Martha Sherwood Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol 163 267 281 Demers Patricia Mary Martha Sherwood Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Retrieved on 21 April 2007 Demers Patricia Mrs Sherwood and Hesba Stretton The Letter and Spirit of Evangelical Writing for Children Romanticism and Children s Literature in Nineteenth century England Ed James Holt McGavran Jr Athens University of Georgia Press 1991 ISBN 0 8203 1289 4 Gilchrist Isabella ed The Life of Mrs Sherwood London Robert Sutton 1907 Available full text from Google Books Hanson David C Ruskin s Praeterita and Landscape in Evangelical Children s Education Nineteenth Century Literature 44 1 1989 45 66 Harper Emily The tormented shadow of the Fairchild children What Can The History of the Fairchild Family Tell Us About Child Rearing in the Early Nineteenth Century History of Education Researcher 73 2004 1 10 Regaignon Dara Rossman Intimacy s Empire Children Servants and Missionaries in Mary Martha Sherwood s Little Henry and his Bearer Children s Literature Association Quarterly 26 2 2001 84 95 Rosman Doreen Evangelicals and Culture London Croom Helm 1984 ISBN 0 7099 2253 1 Royde Smith Naomi The State of Mind of Mrs Sherwood London Macmillan and Co Ltd 1946 Vallone Lynne A humble Spirit under Correction Tracts Hymns and the Ideology of Evangelical Fiction for Children 1780 1820 The Lion and the Unicorn 15 1991 72 95 Primitki Redaguvati SNAC 2010 d Track Q29861311 Bibliotheque nationale de France BNF platforma vidkritih danih 2011 d Track Q19938912d Track Q54837d Track Q193563 a b WeChangEd d Track Q86999151 Blain V Grundy I Clements P The Feminist Companion to Literature in English Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present 1990 P 976 d Track Q47119734d Track Q18328141d Track Q47119724d Track Q47119715 https catalogue bnf fr ark 12148 cb12994192k a b Shervud Meri Marta Enciklopedicheskij slovar SPb Brokgauz Efron 1903 T XXXIXa S 491 d Track Q656d Track Q23892990d Track Q19908137d Track Q21596891d Track Q602358Posilannya RedaguvatiBiographical sketch of Sherwood and links to etexts at Literary Heritage Finding aid at UCLA for their collection of Sherwood s manuscripts and diariesNa cyu stattyu ne posilayutsya inshi statti Vikipediyi Bud laska skoristajtesya pidkazkoyu ta rozstavte posilannya vidpovidno do prijnyatih rekomendacij Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Meri Marta Shervud amp oldid 30650874