Chajnik Rassela yakij inodi nazivayut Nebesnim chajnikom abo Kosmichnim chajnikom abo Bertranovim chajnikom analogiya yaku vpershe vikoristav filosof Bertran Rassell 1872 1970 z namirom sprostuvati nesprostovni tverdzhennya religiyi Analogiya demonstruye sho tyagar dokazuvannya maye pokladatisya na togo hto vislovlyuye nesprostovni tverdzhennya a ne na jogo oponentiv Chajnik Rassela doteper zgaduyetsya v diskusiyah sho stosuyutsya isnuvannya Boga Analogiyeyu takozh koristuvalisya sociologi shob ukazati na korelyaciyi z religiyeyu ta socialnim konformizmom Zmist 1 Originalnij tekst Rassela 2 Podibni analogiyi 3 Vpliv na religijni parodiyi 4 Div takozh 5 PrimitkiOriginalnij tekst Rassela RedaguvatiU statti sho nazivalas Chi ye Bog vikoristanij ale nikoli ne opublikovanij zhurnalom Illustrated 1952 roku Rassel pisav Yakbi ya pripustiv sho mizh Zemleyu i Marsom ye porcelyanovij chajnik yakij obertayetsya navkolo Soncya po eliptichnij orbiti to nihto ne zmig bi sprostuvati moye tverdzhennya osoblivo yaksho ya zavbachlivo dodam sho chajnik zanadto malij shob jogo viyavili navit nashi najpotuzhnishi teleskopi Ale yakbi ya dali skazav sho oskilki moye tverdzhennya ne mozhe buti sprostovane to lyudskomu rozumu sumnivatisya v nomu nepripustimo moyi slova cilkom spravedlivo vvazhali b durniceyu Prote yakbi isnuvannya takogo chajnika stverdzhuvalosya v starodavnih knigah podavalosya kozhnoyi nedili yak svyata pravda i nasadzhuvalosya v umi ditej u shkoli sumniv v jogo isnuvanni stav bi oznakoyu ekscentrizmu i privernuv bi do skeptika uvagu psihiatra v dobu prosviti abo inkvizitora v bilsh rannyu epohu 1 Originalnij tekst angl If I were to suggest that between the Earth and Mars there is a china teapot revolving about the sun in an elliptical orbit nobody would be able to disprove my assertion provided I were careful to add that the teapot is too small to be revealed even by our most powerful telescopes But if I were to go on to say that since my assertion cannot be disproved it is an intolerable presumption on the part of human reason to doubt it I should rightly be thought to be talking nonsense If however the existence of such a teapot were affirmed in ancient books taught as the sacred truth every Sunday and instilled into the minds of children at school hesitation to believe in its existence would become a mark of eccentricity and entitle the doubter to the attentions of the psychiatrist in an enlightened age or of the Inquisitor in an earlier time U 1958 roci Rassel dopovniv analogiyu Mozhlivo bulo b korektnishe nazivati sebe agnostikom ale faktichno ya vse odno sho ateyist Ya ne dumayu sho isnuvannya hristiyanskogo Boga bilsh imovirne nizh isnuvannya bogiv Olimpu chi Valgalli Yak ilyustraciya nihto ne mozhe dovesti sho mizh Zemleyu ta Marsom nemaye porcelyanovogo chajnika yakij obertayetsya navkolo Soncya po eliptichnij orbiti ale imovirnist cogo dostatno mala shob na praktici neyu mozhna bulo znehtuvati Te same na mij poglyad stosuyetsya hristiyanskogo Boga 2 Originalnij tekst angl I ought to call myself an agnostic but for all practical purposes I am an atheist I do not think the existence of the Christian God any more probable than the existence of the Gods of Olympus or Valhalla To take another illustration nobody can prove that there is not between the Earth and Mars a china teapot revolving in an elliptical orbit but nobody thinks this sufficiently likely to be taken into account in practice I think the Christian God just as unlikely Podibni analogiyi RedaguvatiShozhi analogiyi takozh proponuvali inshi misliteli napriklad Dzh B Beri u knizi Istoriya vilnoyi dumki 1913 Isnuye dumka sho dlya vidmovi vid teologichnoyi doktrini neobhidno spochatku dovesti yiyi hibnist Ale tyagar dokazuvannya ne lyagaye na togo hto zaperechuye tezu Nemozhlivo dovesti sho na pevnij planeti u sistemi Siriusa ne zhive rasa vislyukiv yaki rozmovlyayut anglijskoyu ta polyublyayut diskutuvati pro yevgeniku ale chi staye vid cogo dane tverdzhennya imovirnishim Deyaki poviryat u nogo yaksho povtoryuvati jogo dostatno chasto i perekonlivo 3 Originalnij tekst angl Some people speak as if we were not justified in rejecting a theological doctrine unless we can prove it false But the burden of proof does not lie upon the rejecter If you were told that in a certain planet revolving around Sirius there is a race of donkeys who speak the English language and spend their time in discussing eugenics you could not disprove the statement but would it on that account have any claim to be believed Some minds would be prepared to accept it if it were reiterated often enough through the potent force of suggestion Astronom Karl Sagan u knizi Svit povnij demoniv 1995 zaproponuvav u yakosti prikladu kritichnogo mislennya analogiyu pro drakona u garazhi Rozglyadayetsya gipotetichna situaciya de Sagan stverdzhuye sho u jogo garazhi zhive drakon ale na prohannya perekonatisya osobisto vidpovidaye sho drakona nemozhlivo pomititi U chomu zh riznicya mizh nevidimim beztilesnim drakonom vid vognyu yakogo nemaye zharu ta vidsutnistyu drakona Yaksho nemozhlivo dovesti sho moye tverdzhennya hibne ne isnuye takogo eksperimentu yakij ce tverdzhennya sprostuye yaku vagu mayut moyi slova pro isnuvannya drakona 4 Originalnij tekst angl Now what s the difference between an invisible incorporeal floating dragon who spits heatless fire and no dragon at all If there s no way to disprove my contention no conceivable experiment that would count against it what does it mean to say that my dragon exists Vpliv na religijni parodiyi RedaguvatiKoncepciya Chajnika Rassela posluzhila nathnennyam dlya bilsh vidverto parodijnih koncepcij takih yak Nevidimij rozhevij yedinorig 5 ta Litayuchij makaronnij monstr 6 Div takozh RedaguvatiAteyizm Svitskij gumanizm Parodijna religiya Nevidimij rozhevij yedinorigPrimitki Redaguvati Bertrand Russell Is There a God Garvey Brian 1 sichnya 2010 Absence of Evidence Evidence of Absence and the Atheist s Teapot Ars Disputandi 10 1 s 9 22 ISSN 1566 5399 doi 10 1080 15665399 2010 10820011 Procitovano 5 serpnya 2022 Bury John Bagnall 1913 Freedom of Thought and the Forces Against it History of Freedom of Thought vid Illustrated Edition published 2014 by Lulu Press Inc London Williams amp Norgate s 20 ISBN 9781304988607 Sagan Carl 1995 The Demon Haunted World Science as a Candle in the Dark New York Random House ISBN 9780394535128 Procitovano 23 lipnya 2017 Richard Dokins 2006 Bog yak ilyuziya Houghton Mifflin ISBN 978 0 618 68000 9 Wolf Gary 14 listopada 2006 The Church of the Non Believers Wired News nbsp Ce nezavershena stattya pro religiyu Vi mozhete dopomogti proyektu vipravivshi abo dopisavshi yiyi Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Chajnik Rassela amp oldid 40010978
