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Kriptovalyuta vid angl Cryptocurrency riznovid cifrovoyi valyuti emisiya ta oblik yakoyi vikonuyetsya decentralizovanoyu platizhnoyu sistemoyu povnistyu v avtomatichnomu rezhimi bez mozhlivosti vnutrishnogo abo zovnishnogo administruvannya Principovoyu osoblivistyu kriptovalyut ye zberezhennya informaciyi u blokchejni de asimetrichne shifruvannya vikoristovuyetsya dlya perevirki povnovazhen a inshi kriptografichni metodi yak dokaz vikonanoyi roboti prim 1 ta abo Proof of stake prim 2 KriptovalyutaData stvorennya zasnuvannya2009Rinkova kapitalizaciya 850 350 059 131 12 grudnya 2022 1 Gruntuyetsya naLancyuzhok blokiv tranzakcij kriptografiya Peer to peer consensus algorithmd i distributed ledgerdGeshtegcrypto i cryptocurrency Kriptovalyuta u VikishovishiVikno terminalu obminu kriptovalyuti HitBTC Zmist 1 Korotkij oglyad 2 Istoriya 2 1 2020 2 2 2021 2 3 2022 3 Pridbannya ta obmin 4 Azartni igri 5 Cinnist 6 Spisok 7 Osnovni rinki 8 Zaklyuchna emisiya kriptovalyut 9 Kritika 10 Div takozh 11 Primitki 12 Literatura 13 PosilannyaKorotkij oglyad Redaguvati nbsp Obmin NxtKozhna kriptovalyuta pobudovana za tehnologiyeyu blokchejn Pershoyu kriptovalyutoyu stav Bitcoin stvorenij rozrobnikom abo grupoyu rozrobnikiv pid psevdonimom Satosi Nakamoto 2009 roku Kriptovalyuti ne mayut centralnogo organu upravlinnya Usi operaciyi pereviryayutsya merezheyu uchasnikiv tobto inshimi koristuvachami Kozhna operaciya komplektuyetsya z inshimi dlya formuvannya bloku z yakih skladayetsya bezperervnij lancyug Kozhen blok maye kriptografichne posilannya na poperednika sho robit nemozhlivim zminu informaciyi v odnomu bloci bez neobhidnosti vnesennya zmin v usi nastupni Tomu pidrobiti abo skasuvati zapis nemozhlivo abo duzhe vitratno Do lipnya 2013 roku programne zabezpechennya vsih kriptovalyut krim XRP Ripple bazuvalosya na kodi sistemi Bitcoin Potim stali z yavlyatis nezalezhno rozrobleni platformi yaki mayut dodatkovi funkciyi Do takih kriptoplatform vidnosyatsya BitShares Mastercoin Nxt anonsuyutsya j inshi platformi U kriptovalyutah nemaye primusovogo povernennya platezhiv bo nemaye administruvannya koshti ne mozhut buti primusovo zamorozheni abo vilucheni bez dostupu do privatnogo klyucha vlasnika 2 3 Odnak ye mozhlivosti ukladannya ugod za uchastyu poserednika koli dlya zavershennya abo skasuvannya ugodi potribna zgoda vsih troh abo dovilnih dvoh storin Uchasniki ugodi mozhut dobrovilno timchasovo vzayemno blokuvati svoyi koshti yak zastavu 4 5 Tochnishe kriptovalyuta bude pererahovana na specialnij rahunok dlya rozporyadzhennya yakim potribna zgoda vsih abo kilkoh storin Pri comu bud yaka storona samostijno ne spromozhna vikonati bud yaku operaciyu Yak pravilo u kriptovalyut ye verhnya mezha zagalnogo obsyagu emisiyi 2 6 Odnak u deyakih kriptovalyutah takih yak PPCoin Novacoin Sifcoin ta inshih vidsutnya fiksovana verhnya mezha zagalnogo obsyagu emisiyi 7 i mozhliva yak emisiya za rahunok nayavnih nakopichen 7 tak i demisiya shlyahom obov yazkovogo znishennya nevelikoyi fiksovanoyi sumi v kozhnij tranzakciyi Vsi kriptovalyuti vikoristovuyutsya psevdonimno zmist tranzakcij vidkritij ne shifrovanij ale v nih ye informaciya lishe pro nomeri rahunkiv i nemaye informaciyi pro vlasnikiv cih rahunkiv Prote osobu koristuvacha mozhe buti vstanovleno yaksho vidoma neobhidna dodatkova informaciya Vedutsya rozrobki de planuyetsya zaminiti psevdonimnist na anonimnist 8 9 10 11 Istoriya Redaguvati nbsp Gamanec Monero u mobilnomu telefoniKriptografiya z metoyu konfidencijnih platezhiv pochala vikoristovuvatisya z 1990 roku v sistemi DigiCash Devida Choma kompaniya yakogo zbankrutuvala v 1998 roci 12 Odnak jogo platizhna sistema bula centralizovanoyu a vpershe termin kriptovalyuta pochav vikoristovuvatisya pislya poyavi piringovoyi platizhnoyi sistemi Bitcoin yaka bula rozroblena v 2009 roci lyudinoyu abo grupoyu osib pid psevdonimom Satosi Nakamoto 13 i vikoristovuye heshuvannya SHA 256 i sistemu proof of work 14 Piznishe z yavilisya inshi nezalezhni vid Bitcoin kriptovalyuti zvani forkami Bitcoin Namecoin decentralizovana DNS sho vikoristovuye odnojmennu kriptovalyutu 15 16 dlya reyestraciyi vnutrishnih domeniv bit Litecoin vikoristovuye heshuvannya Scrypt zbilshena verhnya mezha zagalnoyi emisiyi zmensheno chas pidtverdzhennya tranzakcij PPCoin vikoristovuye gibridnij mehanizm proof of work Proof of stake ne maye verhnoyi mezhi na zagalnij obsyag emisiyi Novacoin analogichna PPCoin ale vikoristovuye scrypt i zmensheni koeficiyenti pov yazani z emisiyeyu Takozh bulo stvoreno bezlich inshih forkiv ale bilshist z nih ne mayut v sobi nichogo novogo abo ye tochnoyu kopiyeyu Bitcoin abo yihni vidminnosti obmezhuyutsya tilki znachennyami mezhi i shvidkosti emisiyi ta abo algoritmom hesh funkciyi i ne nabuli shirokogo poshirennya Bilshist takih forkiv z yavilosya na tli dvoh velikih sho suprovodzhuyutsya pidvishenoyu uvagoyu z boku ZMI bulbashok na rinku Bitcoin v 2011 i 2013 rokah 2018 roku avstralijske misto Agnes Voters stalo pershim mistom u sviti de dozvolili rozrahunki u kriptovalyuti 17 U misti mozhna rozplatitisya bit ko yinami Bitcoin Bitcoin Cash Bitcoin Cash efirom ETH USD lajt koyinami LTC USD i NEM 18 Takozh u spivpraci iz kerivnictvom Francuzkoyi Polineziyi gromadska organizaciya sho skladayetsya z blagodijnikiv naukovciv ta investoriv pracyuye nad stvorennyam alternativi suchasnim krayinam proyektu Plavuchij ostriv Floating Island Project Cya programa peredbachaye stvorennya shtuchnogo ostrova de roztashovuvatimutsya budinki dlya 300 zhiteliv Utvorennya matime vlasnij uryad a miscevimi groshima bude kriptovalyuta Varyon 19 Za pershi piv roku 2018 hakeri vikrali kriptovalyuti na 1 mlrd dolariv 20 Za period iz sichnya 2017 roku po veresen 2018 tilki pivnichnokorejski hakeri vkrali iz inozemnih birzh kriptovalyuti na piv milyarda dolariv za danimi OON 21 U chervni 2020 roku amerikanskij spivak i reper senegalskogo pohodzhennya Akon v interv yu dlya Bloomberg zayaviv sho nastupnogo misyacya planuye vipustiti vlasnu kriptovalyutu Akoin 22 2020 Redaguvati 26 veresnya odna z najbilshih kriptobirzh KuCoin povidomila pro zlam Za odnimi danimi bulo vkradeno 150 mln za inshimi 280 mln Birzha poobicyala povernuti koshti kliyentam chastinu vkradenih koshtiv do 130 mln vdalosya zamoroziti Ce znachno bilshe nizh pograbuvannya Binance u 2019 koli bulo vkradeno 70 mln 2 grudnya Verhovna Rada Ukrayini prijnyala v pershomu chitanni zakon Pro virtualni aktivi V nomu legalizuyetsya status kriptovalyut majning ta inshi dotichni rechi 23 24 Proyekt zakonu buv podanij na rozglyad VRU she 11 chervnya 2020 2021 Redaguvati 19 kvitnya Turechchina vvela zaboronu na kriptovalyuti yak vinyatok dozvolivshi lishe deyakim bankam vnositi turecku liru na kriptovalyutni birzhi ale bez nadannya poslug depozitu chi vivedennya groshej zvidti 25 Naprikinci veresnya KNR povnistyu zaboroniv bud yaki operaciyi kriptovalyutami nazvavshi yih nezakonnoyu finansovoyu diyalnistyu 26 2022 Redaguvati 15 bereznya Zelenskij pidpisav Zakon 27 Pro virtualni aktivi vlada Ukrayini pochala spivpracyu z predstavnikami kriptosektoru na foni povnomasshtabnogo vtorgnennya RF Na pochatku travnya Zelenskij zayaviv pro stvorennya globalnoyi iniciativi United24 v ramkah yakoyi krayini biznes ta nebajduzhi lyudi mozhut zrobiti pozhertvi na pidtrimku Ukrayini pid chas vijni yak u fiatnih valyutah tak i u kriptovalyuti Protyagom pershogo tizhnya bulo zibrano ponad 25 mln 28 Pridbannya ta obmin RedaguvatiIsnuyut rizni sposobi otrimannya kriptovalyut online Novi emitovani kilkosti zazvichaj rozpodilyayutsya za vstanovlenimi procedurami specifichnimi dlya kozhnoyi z kriptovalyut majning forzhing ICO Majning i forzhing spryamovani na pobudovu blokchejnu tvorci novih blokiv nagorodzhuyutsya deyakoyu kilkistyu emitovanoyi kriptovalyuti i pri comu zazvichaj ne isnuye inshogo shlyahu vvedennya yiyi v obig ICO ye sposobom zaluchennya finansuvannya cherez prodazh partij novoyi kriptovalyuti yaki spochatku buli zgenerovani i otrimani organizatorom ICO Pislya pochatkovogo rozpodilu novoyi emisiyi inshi bazhayuchi mozhut otrimati kriptovalyutu vid tih hto neyu vzhe volodiye v obmin na zvichajni groshi abo za nadani tovari abo poslugi abo v yakosti pozhertvuvan abo yak poziku Obmin mozhna provoditi bezposeredno mizh zacikavlenimi osobami bez poserednikiv abo za dopomogoyu bud yakoyi z chislennih majdanchikiv obminu cifrovih valyut Azartni igri RedaguvatiIsnuyut shonajmenshe 20 kriptovalyut sho vikoristovuyutsya dlya organizaciyi azartnih igor zokrema v blokchejn kazino 10 veresnya 2020 roku yihnya sumarna kapitalizaciya perevishila 150 mln 29 Shodenni obsyagi torgiv takimi valyutami perevishuyut 3 mln dolariv na den 30 Cinnist RedaguvatiLyudi zavzhdi cinuvali korisni i nezaminni rechi Korisna rich zavzhdi maye popit i cinu Pervisna vartist kriptovalyuti ce vartist vitrachenoyi elektroenergiyi Vtorinnu vartist viznachaye popit na cyu kriptovalyutu Popit mozhe buti troh vidiv Spekulyativno investorskij kupivlya kriptovalyuti v nadiyi prodati yiyi dorozhche Kupivlya tovaru za kriptovalyutu Perekaz kriptovalyuti na inshij rahunok bez komisiyi abo menshe 0 1 Takozh vazhlivu rol u cinoutvorenni vidigraye kinceva abo zaklyuchna emisiya kriptovalyut Spisok RedaguvatiPerelik najbilsh populyarnih kriptovalyut 31 Zagalna yih kilkist naprikinci listopada 2013 perevishuvala 80 Stanom na sichen 2018 r kilkist kriptovalyut stanovila 1448 odinic Stanom na pochatok 2021 roku vartist osnovnih kriptovalyut syagnula trohi bilshe 1 triljona dolariv SShA 32 Osnovna chastina pripadala na bitkoyini vartist yakih syagnula majzhe 40 tisyach dolariv SShA za odinicyu a vartist vsih bitkoyiniv u obigu perevishila 700 mlrd dolariv SShA Vartist Ether syagnula majzhe 140 mlrd dolariv SShA vartist Tether 22 mlrd Litecoin 11 mlrd ta Bitcoin Cash 8 mlrd 33 Valyuta Kod Rik poyavi Avtor Aktivnist Sajt Rinkova kapitalizaciya berezen 2015 Hesh PrimitkaBitcoin BTC XBT 2009 Satoshi Nakamoto Tak bitcoin org Arhivovano 2 veresnya 2021 u Wayback Machine 3 7 milyardiv USD SHA 256 Persha i najpopulyarnisha kriptovalyuta proof of workLitecoin LTC 2011 Coblee Tak litecoin org Arhivovano 28 grudnya 2021 u Wayback Machine 68 miljoniv USD Scrypt proof of workNamecoin NMC 2011 Vinced Tak dot bit org 5 miljona USD SHA 256 proof of work Stvorena dlya vikoristannya yak decentralizovana DNS dlya utrudnennya internet cenzuri Ripple XRP 2011 Ripple Labs Inc Tak ripple com Arhivovano 23 bereznya 2021 u Wayback Machine 342 miljoni USD N D Platizhna sistema birzha cifrovih aktiviv i kriptovalyuti Vihidnij kod ne zasnovanij na kodi Bitcoin Peercoin PPC 2012 Sunny King Tak ppcoin org Arhivovano 20 listopada 2013 u Wayback Machine 8 miljona USD SHA 256 gibridnij mehanizm proof of work proof of stake ne maye verhnoyi mezhi na zagalnij obsyag emisiyi Quark QRK 2013 Max Guevara Tak qrk cc Arhivovano 21 grudnya 2021 u Wayback Machine 400 tisyach USD blake Bmw Grostl JH Keccak Skein Pidtverdzhennya tranzakcij vidbuvayetsya za 30 sekund Gibridnij mehanizm proof of work proof of stake utochniti NXT NXT 2013 BCNext Tak nxt org Arhivovano 29 lipnya 2017 u Wayback Machine 12 miljoni USD SHA 256 Proof of stake Stvorena dlya vikoristannya yak platizhnij instrument na decentralizovanoyi platformi Nxt Lideri kriptovalyut zminyuyutsya trohi ne shomisyacya ale postijnimi rezidentami top 10 ye Bitkoyin Eterium Ripl ta Nem Osnovni rinki RedaguvatiStanom na 2015 r najbilshimi majdanchikami torgiv dlya riznih kriptovalyut ye BTC e Coinbase Mcxnow Cryptsy i Vircurex Velikimi majdanchikami oriyentovanimi tilki na Bitcoin ye Bitfinex BitStamp i BTC China 34 Odnak BTC e pripiniv robotu 25 lipnya 2017 roku pislya zatrimannya administratora ciyeyi birzhi Oleksandra Vinnika angl Alexander Vinnik ros Aleksandr Vinnik v Greciyi v kurortnomu regioni Halkidiki nepodalik vid Salonik 35 Vinnika pidozryuyut v uchasti u zlochinnij grupi yaka vidmivala groshi otrimani nezakonnim shlyahom protyagom kilkoh rokiv 36 Stanom na 2018 r najbilshimi majdanchikami torgiv ye Coinbase Bitfinex BitStamp Bittrex Majdanchiki lideri ves chas zminyuyutsya v zalezhnosti vid kolivan rinku Tak svogo chasu liderami po cherzi buli yaponski kitajski ta korejski birzhi Zaklyuchna emisiya kriptovalyut RedaguvatiOsnovni kriptovalyuti zasnovani na mezhi zagalnogo obsyagu emisiyi BTC Bitcoin 21 miljon monet LTC Litecoin 84 miljoni monet Kritika RedaguvatiRozrobnik kliyenta merezhi Bitcoin Gevin Andris visloviv zanepokoyennya tim sho deyaki kriptovalyuti mozhut buti shahrajskimi 37 Odin z najuspishnishih ta najbagatshih investoriv u sviti Vorren Baffet visloviv taku dumku pro kriptovalyuti Divitsya os ya vidrivayu gudzik i mi vikoristovuyemo jogo yak nevelikij token Ya proponuyu vam jogo za 1000 i spodivayusya sho pid kinec dnya vin viroste do 2000 Lyudi zvichajno budut stvoryuvati yih taki tokeni u velicheznih kilkostyah Ce instrument dlya azartnih igor z nim pov yazano bagato shahrajstva i lyudi vtrachali veliki groshi 38 Div takozh RedaguvatiPrivatni groshiPrimitki Redaguvati Shema dokazu vikonannya deyakoyi roboti koli rezultat vazhko otrimati ale jogo legko pereviriti Shema dokazu cherez potochnij balans na rahunku yakij legko pereviriti ale vazhko pidrobiti https web archive org web 20221211121847 https coinmarketcap com a b Crypto currency Arhivovano 18 travnya 2020 u Wayback Machine Forbes 26 05 2013 Here s why Bitcoin is the future of money Arhivovano 27 sichnya 2014 u Wayback Machine cnet 26 05 2013 Oleg Andreev Contracts without trust or third parties Arhiv originalu za 23 chervnya 2015 Procitovano 23 chervnya 2015 bitkoyin ce nabagato bilshe nizh prosto groshovi perekazi Habrahabr Arhiv originalu za 9 travnya 2015 Procitovano 23 chervnya 2015 How Cryptocurrencies Could Upend Banks Monetary Role Arhivovano 27 veresnya 2013 u Wayback Machine American Banker 26 05 2013 a b Secure amp amp amp Sustainable Cryptocoin Arhiv originalu za 5 serpnya 2013 Procitovano 23 chervnya 2015 Zerocoin Add on For Bitcoin Could Make It Truly Anonymous And Untraceable nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 Forbes 26 05 2013 Zerocoin Anonymous Distributed E Cash from Bitcoin nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 The Johns Hopkins University Department of Computer Science 26 05 2013 zerocoin org nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 26 05 2013 This is Huge Gold 2 0 Can code and competition build a better Bitcoin nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 New Bitcoin World 26 05 2013 Devid Chom Cifrova gotivka zaminit paperovu Zhurnal Kompyuterra nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 Bitcoin developer chats about regulation open source and the elusive Satoshi Nakamoto nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 PCWorld 26 05 2013 What is Bitcoin Mining nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 The Genesis Block 26 05 2013 Novina pro start torgiv z Namecoin na Btc e nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 Wary of Bitcoin A guide to some other cryptocurrencies Ars Technica nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 V Avstralii poyavilsya pervyj kriptovalyutnyj gorod INSIDER PRO Arhiv originalu za 12 chervnya 2018 Procitovano 9 chervnya 2018 V Avstraliyi z yavilosya pershe kriptovalyutne misto Arhivovano 12 chervnya 2018 u Wayback Machine Ekonomichna pravda 5 chervnya 2018 U Tihomu okeani mozhe z yavitisya ostrivna derzhava iz vlasnim uryadom i kriptovalyutoyu Tokar ua uk UA 25 travnya 2018 Arhiv originalu za 10 lipnya 2018 Procitovano 15 veresnya 2018 Z pochatku roku hakeri vkrali 1 1 milyarda dolariv v kriptovalyuti Arhivovano 12 chervnya 2018 u Wayback Machine Ekonomichna pravda 8 chervnya 2018 Zapiska Predsedatelya Soveta Bezopasnosti Arhivovano 24 veresnya 2020 u Wayback Machine 12 marta 2019 p 109 115 st 58 59 Bloomberg Are you a robot www bloomberg com Arhiv originalu za 22 chervnya 2020 Procitovano 21 chervnya 2020 Rada prinyala v pervom chtenii zakonoproekt O virtualnyh aktivah prizvannyj okonchatelno uregulirovat rynok kriptovalyut Arhivovano 2 grudnya 2020 u Wayback Machine ITS 2 grudnya 2020 Proekt Zakonu pro virtualni aktivi Arhiv originalu za 2 grudnya 2020 Procitovano 2 grudnya 2020 Turechchina vvela povnu zaboronu na kriptovalyutu Tokar ua 19 kvitnya 2021 Arhiv originalu za 19 kvitnya 2021 Procitovano 19 kvitnya 2021 U Kitayi zaboronili vsi operaciyi z kriptovalyutami RBK Ukraina ros Arhiv originalu za 28 veresnya 2021 Procitovano 28 veresnya 2021 Regulyuvannya kriptovalyut v Ukrayini sho peredbachaye Zakon pro virtualni aktivi BIZNES biz ligazakon net Procitovano 19 lipnya 2022 Za tizhden roboti platforma dlya zboru koshtiv na pidtrimku Ukrayini zibrala 25 miljoniv www unian ua ukr Procitovano 19 lipnya 2022 Davies Craig 10 veresnya 2020 Gambling cryptocurrencies worth more than 150m CasinoBeats amer Arhiv originalu za 2 grudnya 2020 Procitovano 17 veresnya 2020 Rinkova kapitalizaciya kriptovalyut dlya azartnih igor perevishila 150 mln dolariv slotokingua com Arhiv originalu za 12 kvitnya 2021 Procitovano 18 veresnya 2020 Reuven Cohen 27 listopada 2013 The Top 30 Crypto Currency Market Capitalizations In One Place angl Forbes Procitovano 14 grudnya 2013 nedostupne posilannya z lipnya 2019 Bloomberg 1 lipnya 2021 Milyardni dohodi skilki zarobili amerikanci ta ukrayinci na zleti cin na bitkojn 24tv ua Arhiv originalu za 9 lipnya 2021 Procitovano 1 lipnya 2021 Timothy B Lee 7 sichnya 2021 The world s cryptocurrency is now worth more than 1 trillion Ars Technica Arhiv originalu za 8 sichnya 2021 Procitovano 8 sichnya 2021 http news cnet com 8301 31322 3 57581952 256 heres why bitcoin is the future of money 0 nedostupne posilannya Russian National And Bitcoin Exchange Charged In 21 Count Indictment For Operating Alleged International Money Laundering Scheme And Allegedly Laundering Funds From Hack Of Mt Gox Arhiv originalu za 27 lipnya 2017 Procitovano 27 lipnya 2017 V Grecii po delu ob otmyvanii cherez bitkoiny zaderzhali rossiyanina BBC Russkaya Sluzhba 26 iyulya 2017 Arhiv originalu za 29 lipnya 2017 Procitovano 27 lipnya 2017 Here s why Bitcoin is the future of money Molly Wood Cnet Data zvernennya 06 04 2013 Uorren Baffett nazval bitkoin instrumentom dlya azartnyh igr ForkLog Arhiv originalu za 3 chervnya 2020 Procitovano 12 travnya 2020 Literatura RedaguvatiAdem Efe Gencer Soumya Basu Ittay Eyal Robbert van Renesse Emin Gun Sirer 11 sichnya 2018 Decentralization in Bitcoin and Ethereum Networks arXiv Arhiv originalu za 1 lyutogo 2018 Procitovano 2 lyutogo 2018 Posilannya RedaguvatiAltkoin Bitkoin Valyuti virtualni decentralizovani kriptovalyuti Kriptovalyuta Terminologichnij slovnik z pitan zapobigannya ta protidiyi legalizaciyi vidmivannyu dohodiv oderzhanih zlochinnim shlyahom finansuvannyu terorizmu finansuvannyu rozpovsyudzhennya zbroyi masovogo znishennya ta korupciyi A G Chubenko M V Loshickij D M Pavlov S S Bichkova O S Yunin Kiyiv Vaite 2018 S 60 114 127 128 377 378 ISBN 978 617 7627 10 3 Spilna zayava finansovih regulyatoriv shodo statusu kriptovalyut v Ukrayini Arhivovano 15 chervnya 2020 u Wayback Machine Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Kriptovalyuta amp oldid 39727826