Zhinochi zanyattya v Seredni viki Ilyustraciya 15 st z De Mulieribus Claris BokachchoProtofeminizmNastupnikfeminizmDokladnishe Istoriya feminizmuProtofeminizm angl Protofeminism etap istoriyi feminizmu v epohu koli feministska koncepciya yak taka she bula nevidomoyu 1 Stosuyetsya zokrema chasiv do XIX stolittya 2 3 hocha ruhi XVIII ta XIX st chasto pidpadayut pid viznachennya feminizmu Deyaki suchasni vcheni stavlyat pid sumniv korisnist terminu protofeminizm 4 yak i terminu postfeminizm Zmist 1 Istoriya 1 1 Hristiyanska serednovichna Yevropa 1 2 Yevropejske Vidrodzhennya 1 2 1 Osvicheni zhinki v Yevropi rannogo modernu 1 2 2 Reformaciya 1 3 XVII stolittya 1 3 1 Nonkonformizm protektorat ta restavraciya 2 Div takozh 3 Primitki Istoriya Redaguvati Hristiyanska serednovichna Yevropa Redaguvati Tut panuvala dumka sho zhinki intelektualno ta moralno slabshi za cholovikiv grishni pervorodnim grihom Yevi z biblijnoyi tradiciyi Ce vikoristovuvalosya dlya vipravdannya serednovichnih femicidiv polyuvannya na vidom a takozh chislennih obmezhen nakladenih na zhinok takih yak zaborona mati vlasnist zdobuvati osvitu oplachuvano pracyuvati abo zobov yazannya sluhatisya batka cholovika 5 Sered serednovichnih protofeministok viznanih vazhlivimi dlya rozvitku ruhu ye Mari de Frans Eleonora Akvitanska Bettisiya Goccadini Nikola de la Hej Hristina Pizanska Yadviga Anzhujska Laura Chereta ta La Malinche 6 Yevropejske Vidrodzhennya Redaguvati Hristina Pizanska chitaye bogoslovski lekciyi grupi cholovikivNa pochatku Renesansu yedinoyu rollyu ta socialnoyu cinnistyu zhinok vse she bulo rozmnozhennya 7 Cya genderna rol viznachila yadro osobistosti j metu zhittya zhinok Vidrodzhennya Sokrat obozhnyuvanij gumanistami Vidrodzhennya skazav sho terpit svoyu pershu druzhinu Ksantippu bo vona narodila jomu siniv ta terpit shum gusej oskilki voni dayut yajcya i ptashenyat 8 Osvicheni zhinki v Yevropi rannogo modernu Redaguvati Zamozhni zhinki yaki zdobuli osvitu chasto dosyagali visokih standartiv navchannya i pisali na zahist zhinok ta yih prav Venecianska avtorka XVI stolittya Modesta di Pocco di Forci 9 Italijska hudozhnicya Sofonisba Angvissola bl 1532 1625 zdobula z sestrami osvitu za cholovichimi standartami 4 z 5 donok stali profesijnimi hudozhnicyami i uvinchala svoyu kar yeru zvannyam pridvornoyi hudozhnici ispanskogo korolya Filipa II Huana Ines de la Krus 1772Reformaciya Redaguvati Reformaciya stala vihoyu u rozvitku prav zhinok ta zhinochoyi osviti Oskilki protestantizm spiravsya na bezposerednyu vzayemodiyu viryan z Bogom vminnya chitati Bibliyu ta molitovniki stalo neobhidnim dlya vsih vklyuchayuchi zhinok ta divchat Protestantski gromadi pochali stvoryuvati shkoli de zvichajnih hlopchikiv i divchatok navchali bazovoyi gramoti 10 Protestanti bilshe ne rozglyadali zhinok yak slabkih i grishnic a bachili yih gidnimi suputnicyami cholovikiv yaki potrebuyut osviti shob stati zdibnimi druzhinami 11 XVII stolittya Redaguvati Nonkonformizm protektorat ta restavraciya Redaguvati Mari de Gurne 1565 1645 redaguvala tretye vidannya Prob Mishelya de Montenya pislya jogo smerti Vona napisala dva feministichni narisi Rivnist cholovikiv i zhinok 1622 i Zhinocha skarga 1626 U 1673 r Fransua Pullen de la Barr napisav knigu De l Ėgalite des deux sexs Pro rivnist dvoh statej 12 U XVII stolitti bagato novih nonkonformistskih sekt takih yak kvakeri dayut zhinkam bilshu svobodu virazhennya poglyadiv 13 14 15 16 Odnak zhinkam yaki propoviduvali abo vislovlyuvali dumki shodo religiyi zagrozhuvala pidozra u bezumstvi chi chaklunstvi j bagato yak En Askyu yaku spalili na vognishi za yeres 17 pomerli za svij neyavnij abo yavnij viklik patriarshomu poryadku 18 U Franciyi ta Angliyi feministichni ideyi buli atributami inoslav ya takih yak valdensi ta katari Religijnij egalitarizm takij yak prijnyatij levelerami perenissya u gendernu rivnist i takim chinom mav politichni naslidki Zhinki levelerki vlashtovuvali demonstraciyi za rivni prava hocha vlada togo chasu yih vidhilyala 19 U XVII stolitti takozh z yavilosya bilshe zhinok pismennic takih yak En Bredstrit Batsaa Makin Margaret Kavendish gercoginya Nyukaslska ledi Meri Vrot 20 21 anonimni Yevgeniya Meri Chadli ta Meri Estel yaki zobrazhuvali zminu zhinochih rolej Odnak voni zitknulisya z vorozhistyu U XVII stolitti u Franciyi z yavilisya saloni miscya zboriv kulturnoyi inteligenciyi vishogo klasu yakimi keruvali zhinki i v yakih voni brali uchast 22 Ale j nabuvshi chlenstva v saloni zhinki lishalis na drugomu plani 23 I navit tak Zhan Zhak Russo rozglyadav zhinok yak zagrozu dlya prirodnogo dominuvannya cholovikiv 24 Meri Estel chasto nazivayut pershoyu anglomovnoyu pismenniceyu feministkoyu Yiyi analiz zalishayetsya aktualnim i sogodni Estel vijshla za ramki poperednih pismennic zasnuvavshi navchalni zakladi dlya zhinok 25 26 Estel i Afra Ben razom zaklali osnovu feministichnoyi teoriyi v XVII stolitti Zhodna zhinka bilshe stolittya mogla vislovitis tak rishuche V istorichnih perekazah Estel chasto zatmaryuye yiyi podruga ta korespondentka ledi Meri Vortli Montagyu Liberalizaciya socialnih cinnostej ta sekulyarizaciya v anglijskij restavraciyi nadali novij shans dlya zhinok yakij voni vikoristovuvali dlya prosuvannya svoyeyi spravi 26 27 28 29 30 Sered osnovnih feministichnih pismennic kontinentalnoyi Yevropi buli Margarita de Navarra Mari de Gurne ta Anna Mariya van Shyurman yaki spriyali osviti zhinok U Novomu Sviti meksikanska chernicya Huana Ines de la Krus 1651 1695 advokatuvala osvitu zhinok u narisi Vidpovid Sor Filoteyi 31 vistupala za viznannya zhinok bogoslovok zagalnu osvitu movni prava kritikuvala patriarhalni ta kolonialni strukturi Cerkvi 32 doklavshis i do lesbijskogo feminizmu Div takozh Redaguvati Istoriya feminizmu Sufrazhizm Feminizm drugoyi hvili Feminizm tretoyi hvili Feminizm chetvertoyi hvili Postfeminizm Feminizm v UkrayiniPrimitki Redaguvati Eileen H Botting and Sarah L Houser Drawing the Line of Equality Hannah Mather Crocker on Women s Rights American Political Science Review 2006 100 pp 265 278 Nancy F Cott 1987 The Grounding of Modern Feminism New Haven Yale University Press Karen M Offen European Feminisms 1700 1950 A Political History Stanford Stanford University Press 2000 Margaret Ferguson Feminism in time Modern Language Quarterly 2004 65 1 pp 7 27 Women in medieval society Arhiv originalu za 15 lyutogo 2021 Procitovano 27 listopada 2018 Marie de France has an entry in Virginia Blain Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy eds The Feminist Companion to Literature in English London Batsford 1990 p 741 Bridenthal Renate Koonz Claudia Stuard Susan Mosher 1 sichnya 1987 Becoming Visible Women in European History angl Houghton Mifflin s 167 ISBN 9780395419502 Arhiv originalu za 1 travnya 2019 Procitovano 16 chervnya 2021 Giannozzo Manetti Life of Socrates Spencer Anna Garlin and Mitchell Kennerly eds The Drama of a Woman of Genius NY Forum Publications 1912 The protestant education in the 16th century Arhiv originalu za 4 travnya 2019 Procitovano 27 listopada 2018 Women in the Protestant reform Arhiv originalu za 10 serpnya 2020 Procitovano 27 listopada 2018 Schneir Miram 1972 1994 Feminism The Essential Historical Writings Vintage Books s xiv ISBN 0 679 75381 8 Antonia Fraser The weaker vessel Women s lot in seventeenth century England Phoenix London 1984 Sherrin Marshall Wyatt Women in the Reformation Era in Becoming visible Women in European history Renate Bridenthal and Claudia Koonz eds Houghton Mifflin Boston 1977 K Thomas Women and the Civil War Sects Past and Present 1958 13 Persecution and Pluralism Calvinists and Religious Minorities in Early by Richard Bonney and David J B Trim Lerner Gerda Religion and the creation of feminist consciousness Harvard Divinity Bulletin November 2002 Arhivovano 2008 05 06 u Wayback Machine Claire Goldberg Moses French Feminism in the 19th Century 1984 p 7 British Women s Emancipation Since the Renaissance Arhiv originalu za 26 kvitnya 2013 Procitovano 7 kvitnya 2013 The poems of Lady Mary Roth ed Josephine A Roberts ed Louisiana State University 1983 Germaine Greer Slip shod Sybils London Penguin 1999 Claire Moses Goldberg French Feminism in the 19th Century Syracuse State University of New York 1985 p 4 Evelyn Gordon Bodek Salonnieres and Bluestockings Educated Obsolescence and Germinating Feminism Feminist Studies 3 Spring Summer 1976 p 185 Claire Moses Goldberg p 4 Joan Kinnaird Mary Astell Inspired by ideas in D Spender ed Feminist Theories p 29 a b Walters Margaret Feminism A Very Short Introduction Oxford University 2005 ISBN 0 19 280510 X Angeline Goreau Aphra Behn A scandal to modesty c 1640 1689 in Spender op cit pp 8 27 Woolf Virginia A Room of One s Own 1928 p 65 Janet Todd The Secret Life of Aphra Behn New Brunswick NJ Rutgers UP 1997 p 4 Janet Todd p 2 Juana Ines de la Cruz Sor Respuesta a Sor Filotea 1691 Madrid 1700 Routledge research companion to the works of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz London 28 kvitnya 2017 ISBN 978 1 317 04164 1 OCLC 985840432 Cya stattya nedostatno ilyustrovana Vi mozhete dopomogti proyektu dodavshi zobrazhennya do ciyeyi statti Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Protofeminizm amp oldid 40639336
