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Postulat Bertrana ce teorema yaka stverdzhuye sho dlya bud yakogo cilogo chisla n gt 3 displaystyle n gt 3 zavzhdi isnuye shonajmenshe odne proste chislo p displaystyle p take sho n lt p lt 2 n 2 displaystyle n lt p lt 2n 2 Slabshe ale elegantnishe formulyuvannya take dlya kozhnogo n gt 1 displaystyle n gt 1 isnuye shonajmenshe odne proste chislo p displaystyle p take sho n lt p lt 2 n displaystyle n lt p lt 2n Ye inshe formulyuvannya dlya n 1 displaystyle n geq 1 de p n displaystyle p n ce n displaystyle n te proste chislo p n 1 lt 2 p n displaystyle p n 1 lt 2p n 1 Ce tverdzhennya u 1845 vpershe pripustiv Zhozef Bertran 2 1822 1900 Sam Bertran pereviriv svoye tverdzhennya dlya vsih chisel u promizhku 2 3 106 Jogo pripushennya povnistyu doviv Pafnutij Chebishov 1821 1894 u 1852 3 i tomu postulat takozh nazivayut teorema Bertrana Chebishova abo teorema Chebishova Teoremu Chebishova takozh mozhna sformulyuvati yak zv yazok mizh p x displaystyle pi x de p x displaystyle pi x ce funkciya rozpodilu prostih chisel kilkist prostih chisel menshih abo rivnih x displaystyle x p x p x 2 1 displaystyle pi x pi tfrac x 2 geq 1 dlya vsih x 2 displaystyle x geq 2 Primitki Redaguvati Ribenboim Paulo 2004 The Little Book of Bigger Primes New York Springer Verlag s 181 ISBN 0 387 20169 6 Joseph Bertrand Memoire sur le nombre de valeurs que peut prendre une fonction quand on y permute les lettres qu elle renferme Journal de l Ecole Royale Polytechnique Cahier 30 Vol 18 1845 123 140 P Tchebychev Memoire sur les nombres premiers Journal de mathematiques pures et appliquees Ser 1 1852 366 390 Proof of the postulate 371 382 Also see Memoires de l Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St Petersbourg vol 7 pp 15 33 1854 Otrimano z https uk wikipedia org w index php title Postulat Bertrana amp oldid 35032598